Apparatus and method of high vision signal recording using expansion techniques and digital drop-out compensation

ABSTRACT

An apparatus in which a high vision signal having 1125 horizontal lines per frame is divided into three signals and three channel signals each having 375 horizontal lines per frame are obtained wherein the resultant three channel signals are time base expanded, three channel signals in a base band of 10 MHz are obtained, and the three channel signals are independently recorded onto a medium. A recording medium on which signals is recorded and processed by the above apparatus is provided.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a recording apparatus to record a high vision signal comprising 1125 H lines per frame to a recording medium.

Description of the Related Art

For instance, a recording apparatus for recording an existing television signal comprising 525 H lines per frame as in the NTSC system to a recording medium such as a video disc or the like is generally well known.

However, a frequency band (hereinafter, abbreviated as a Band) of a high vision signal comprising 1125 H lines per frame is wider than that of the NTSC system and is set to 30 MHz. To record such a wide band high vision signal on the recording medium, a method such as band compression is executed as in the MUSE system or the like, a linear recording velocity of the disc increased, recording density is improved, or the like is considered.

However, in the case of compressing the band, in many cases, movement information or the like is sacrificed. In the case of increasing the linear velocity or the recording density, a recordable time per disc decreases or results in not only an expensive recording apparatus but also an expensive reproducing apparatus being necessary.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a high vision signal recording apparatus which can record and reproduce a high vision signal under the existing recording and reproducing system of a narrow band and to also provide a recording medium suitable for use in such an apparatus.

Two kinds of color difference signals in a high vision signal comprising 1125 horizontal scanning lines (simply referred to as H lines) per frame are line sequentially processed on an H-line unit basis, thereby forming two groups of line sequential color difference signals in which each group is constructed by each of the two kinds of color difference signals. A luminance signal in the high vision signal and the two groups of line sequential color difference signals are time base expanded, thereby obtaining an expansion luminance signal and line sequential expansion color difference signals. Three H lines of one of the two groups of line sequential expansion color difference signals comprising six H lines corresponding to the expansion luminance signal group comprising six continuous H lines of the expansion luminance signal are combined with the former half three H lines of the expansion luminance signal group every line, thereby forming former half three expansion H lines. Three H lines of the other one of the two groups of line sequential expansion color difference signals are combined with the latter half three H lines of the expansion luminance signal group every line, thereby forming latter half three expansion H lines. Respective three pair of the former and latter half expansion H likes which are derived are independently recorded as three channel signals to spatially different positions.

In the high vision signal recording apparatus and recording medium according to the invention, a luminance signal in a high vision signal and two groups of line sequential color difference signals which are obtained by line sequentially processing two kinds of color difference signals on an H-line unit basis and each of which is constructed by one of the two kinds of color difference signals are time base compressed. Three H lines of one of the two groups of line sequential expansion color difference signals comprising six H lines corresponding to a group of expansion luminance signals comprising six continuous H lines of the expansion luminance signal are combined with the former half three H lines of the group of expansion luminance signals every line, thereby forming the former half three expansion H lines. Three H lines of the other one of two groups of line sequential expansion color difference signals are combined with the latter half three H lines of the group of expansion luminance signals every line, thereby forming the latter half three expansion H lines. Respective three pairs of former and latter half expansion H lines obtained are independently recorded as three channel signals at spatially different positions.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a recording system as an embodiment according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of a high vision signal;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a part of the recording system of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4A is an arrangement diagram of a high vision signal;

FIG. 4B is a time chart of control signals which are generated in the system of FIG. 1;

FIGS. 5A, 5B, 5C, and 6A are arrangement diagrams of signals in the system of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6B is a waveform diagram of a signal in FIG. 1;

FIGS. 7A, 7B, and 7C are arrangement diagrams of recording signals on three discs which were recorded by the recording system of FIG. 1;

FIGS. 8A and 8B are block diagrams of a reproducing system of an embodiment according to the invention;

FIGS. 9, 10, and 11 are block diagrams of a partial circuit in FIGS. 8A and 8B;

FIG. 12 is an arrangement diagram of disc codes in the recording signals shown in FIGS. 7A to 7C;

FIG. 13 is an arrangement diagram of lead-in TOC data of the disc codes shown in FIG. 12;

FIGS. 14, 15C, 16A, 17A, and 18A are flowcharts for subroutines which are executed by a main controller in the reproducing system of FIGS. 8A and 8B;

FIGS. 15A and 15B are tables showing transmission and reception data in the communication between the main controller and the player in the reproducing system of FIG. 8; and

FIGS. 16B, 17B, and 18B are graphs showing movements of a reading point of the player in the reproducing system of FIGS. 8A and 8B.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

An embodiment of the invention will be described in detail hereinbelow with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a constructional diagram of a system to divide a high vision signal into signals of three channels and record onto a recording medium (in this case, a laser video disc). In FIG. 1, analog signals of a luminance signal Y_(a) and two kinds of color difference signals P_(r) and P_(b) are generated from a high vision signal source 1. The luminance signal Y_(a) has a frequency band (hereinafter referred to as a band) of 30 MHz. Each of the color difference signals P_(r) and P_(b) has a band of 15 MHz. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing signal waveforms of Y_(a), P_(r), and P_(b). A high vision H period denotes a period of a horizontal scanning line pulse and is set to about 29.63 μ sec, which is an inverse number of a line frequency of 33.75 kHz.

The high vision signals are supplied to an encoder 2 in FIG. 1. In the actual use, however, the bands as mentioned above are unnecessary and the luminance signal Y_(a) is supplied to an A/D converter 4Y through a low pass filter 3Y of 22 MHz. The color difference signals P_(r) and P_(b) are supplied to A/D converters 4R and 4B through low pass filters 3R and 3B of 11 MHz, respectively. Sampling clocks in the A/D converter group 4 are supplied from a timing pulse generator 5. The A/D converter 4Y converts the analog luminance signal Y_(a) into a digital luminance signal Y of eight bits by clocks of 74.25 MHz and supplies to a Y processing circuit 6Y. The A/D converters 4R and 4B convert the analog color difference signals P_(r) and P_(b) into 8-bit digital color difference signals P_(R) and P_(B) by clocks of 74.25/2 MHz (=37.125 MHz) and supply to a P_(R) processing circuit 6R and a P_(B) processing circuit 6B, respectively.

FIG. 3 is a further detailed block diagram of each of the processing circuits. The color difference signals P_(R) and P_(B) are subjected to what is called a line sequencing process to alternately transmit the signals every H lines. Therefore, to prevent an aliasing noise, digital pre low pass filters 19 and 20 in the vertical direction are provided in the P_(R) processing circuit 6R and the P_(B) processing circuit 6B.

The luminance signal Y supplied to the Y processing circuit 6Y and the color difference signals P_(R) and P_(B) which were supplied to the P_(R) processing circuit 6R and P_(B) processing circuit 6B and transmitted through the pre low pass filters are written into first channel FIFOs 16Y, 16R, and 16B, second channel FIFOs 17Y, 17R, and 17B, and third channel FIFOs 18Y, 18R, and 18B by write clocks, write enable signals, and the like from the timing pulse generator 5. At this time, the sync signal component is eliminated, the line sequencing process is executed to the color difference signals, and the signals Y, P_(R), and P_(B) are distributed to first to third three channel signals on an H-line unit basis. FIG. 4(a) shows an arrangement of the A/D converted digital high vision signals Y, P_(R), and P_(B) which are supplied to the processing circuits. FIG. 4(b) shows write enable signals YW₁, RW₁, and BW₁ to the first channel FIFOs 16Y, 16R, and 16B of each of the processing circuits. FIG. 5(a) shows an arrangement of luminance signal data YD₁ and color difference signal data RD₁ and BD₁ which are written into the first channel FIFOs 16Y, 16R, and 16B by the write enable signals. When comparing FIGS. 4(a) and 5(a), a sync signal component H-SYNC in FIG. 5(a) is eliminated and the signals of every three lines are written into the FIFOs. Further, the color difference signals P_(R) and P.sub. B are alternately arranged due to the execution of the line sequencing process. FIGS. 5(b) and 5(c) show arrangements of the luminance signal data and the color difference signal data which are written into the second channel FIFOs 17Y, 17R, and 17B and the second channel FIFOs 18Y, 18R, and 18B, respectively. A writing rate into each FIFO is determined by the write clocks from the timing pulse generator 5. A frequency of write clocks YWφ of the luminance signal Y is set to 74.25 MHz. Frequencies of write clocks RWφ and BWφ of the color difference signals P_(R) and P_(B) are set to 74.25/2 MHz=37.125 MHz. On the other hand, read clocks for reading the signals from the FIFOs are given from the timing pulse generator 5. All of read clocks YRφ, RRφ, and BRφ of the luminance signal Y and color difference signals P_(R) and P_(B) are set to 33.75 MHz. A ratio between the write and read clocks is now obtained.

    74.25 MHz÷33.75 MHz=2.2                                (1)

    37.125 MHz÷33.75 MHz=1.1                               (2)

From the above equation (1), it will be understood that the time base with respect to the luminance signal Y was expanded 2.2 times. From the equation (2), it will be understood that the time base with regard to each of the color difference signals P_(R) and P_(B) was expanded 1.1 times. The signals which were time base expanded and distributed into three channel signals are generated as a first channel signal V₁, a second channel signal V₂, and a third channel signal V₃ by the first, second, and third FIFOs every processing circuit. The generated channel signals are synthesized every channel by wired-OR circuit (not shown). A disc sync signal and a disc code signal which are given from the timing pulse generator 5 are added to the synthesized signals. Thereafter, the resultant signals are supplied to D/A converters 7a, 7b, and 7c in FIG. 1. FIG. 6(a) shows an arrangement of the first to third channel signals V₁, V₂, and V₃ which are supplied to the D/A converters. In FIG. 6(a), as for the luminance signal Y, the sync signal component of about 3.77 μ sec in one H line of about 29.63 μ sec of the original high vision signal has been eliminated and the time base of about 25.86 μ sec of only the video signal component is expanded 2.2 times and the signal of about 56.89 μ sec is read out by the read clocks of 33.75 MHz.

    56.69 μ sec×33.75 MHz≈1920                (3)

From the equation (3), it will be understood that the digital luminance signal components of Y₁, Y₂, . . . in FIG. 6(a) are constructed by a unit basis of 1920×8 bits. Similarly, for the color difference signal components,

    25.86 μ sec×1.1=28.45 μ sec                    (4)

    28.45 μ sec×33.75 MHz≈960                 (5)

From the equations (4) and (5), each of the digital color difference signal components of P_(R1), P_(R2), . . . , P_(B1), P_(B2), . . . in FIG. 6(a) is constructed by a unit basis of 960×8 bits. Further, a guard interval corresponding to eight clocks is provided between the luminance signal component and the color difference signal component.

On the other hand, the sync signals corresponding to 112 clocks are added.

    1920+960+8+112=3000                                        (6)

From the equation (6), the signals corresponding to 3000 clocks are set to a new one H line i.e. a disc-H period and supplied to the D/A converters 7a, 7b, and 7c. The three digital channel signals V₁, V₂, and V₃ each comprising the luminance signal component, color difference signal component, and sync signal or the disc code signal and sync signal are converted into the analog signals by the D/A converters 7a, 7b, and 7c at the timings of the clocks of 33.75 MHz which were given by the timing pulse generator 5.

Since the luminance signal in the band of 22 MHz has been time base expanded 2.2 times, a band of 10 MHz is sufficient when considering that 22 MHz÷2.2=10 MHz. Since the color difference signal of a band of 11 MHz has been time base expanded 1.1 times, a band of 10 MHz is similarly enough by considering that 11 MHz÷1.1=10 MHz. Therefore, unnecessary high frequency components after completion of the D/A conversion are cut out from outputs of the D/A converters 7a, 7b, and 7c by low pass filters 8a, 8b, and 8c of 10 MHz. Thus, three analog signals ch₁, ch₂, and ch₃ are generated form the encoder 2. FIG. 6(b) shows a schematic diagram of those output signal waveforms. The analog luminance signal component Y_(a) and the analog color difference signal component P_(r) or P_(b) are synthesized in the disc-H period. In FIG. 6(a), a color center level is set to a value which is obtained by dividing an interval between a signal peak level and a pedestal level into two equal portions. Such a color center level is necessary to reproduce the video signal from the disc after completion of the recording.

The signals of the respective channels which were generated from the encoder 2 are supplied to a selecting circuit 9. One of the three channel signals ch₁, ch₂, and ch₃ is individually independently or sequentially selected and supplied to a frequency modulator 10. In the frequency modulator 10, the supplied channel signal is generated as an FM video signal of a low frequency within a range from 11.61 MHz to 14.91 MHz (having a deviation frequency of 3.3 MHz) and supplied to a synthesizing circuit 11.

A digital audio signal which was generated from a high definition digital (PCM) audio source 12 different from the high vision signal source 1 is supplied to an EFM encoder 13 and encoded and a resultant encoded output signal is supplied to the synthesizing circuit 11. In the synthesizing circuit 11, the FM video signal and the encoded digital audio signal are added to become one signal and the resultant signal is generated as an RF signal from an output terminal 14. A system controller 15 executes the above series of operation control.

the RF signal generated from the output terminal 14 is amplitude limited by a limiter (not shown) and is shaped to a square wave. Thus, the RF signal becomes a multiplex signal in which a repetitive frequency indicates video signal information and a change in duty shows audio information. The signal which was shaped into the square wave is supplied to an optical modulator of a laser cutting machine (not shown) and the three channel signals are recorded onto three discs every channel. FIGS. 7(a), 7(b), and 7(c) show formats of the video signals recorded on three discs A, B, and C. In FIGS. 7(a) to 7(c), the line number indicates a number of a disc-H period in FIG. 6(b) and one frame comprises 375 lines.

    375 lines×3=1125 lines                               (7)

As will be obviously understood form the equation (7) the high vision signal of 1125 H lines per frame in which one set is constructed by three discs can be recorded.

In the embodiment, the high vision signal has independently been recorded to three discs. However, the high vision signal can be also simultaneously recorded to three tracks on one disc by using a cutting machine (not shown) having an optical modulator for generating three independent laser beams.

As mentioned above, the high vision signal of a wide band can be divided into three channel signals and can be independently recorded onto three discs as video signals of 10 MHz or less. Explanation will now be provided in detail with respect to a method whereby the original high vision signal form a set of three recording discs on which the high vision signal was recorded is reproduced by three independent video disc players.

FIGS. 8A and 8B are constructional diagrams of a system to reproduce a high vision signal. In FIGS. 8A and 8B, a first player 21, a second player 22, and a third player 23 simultaneously play a set of three recording discs on which a high vision signal was recorded and supply the reproduction video signals and the like to a decoder 24. FIG. 9 shows a construction of each player. A video disc 40 is rotated by a spindle motor 41 and a recording video signal is read by a pickup 42. The pickup 42 has therein a laser diode, an objective lens, a collimating lens, a focusing actuator, a tracking actuator, a photodiode, and the like. An output of the pickup 42 is supplied to an RF amplifier 43 and is also supplied to a focusing servo circuit (not shown) and a tracking servo circuit not shown). An RF video signal which is generated from the RF amplifier 43 is supplied to a drop-out detecting circuit 44 and a frequency demodulator 45. The supplied RF video signal is demodulated by the frequency demodulator 45 and the demodulated output signal is generated from the player through a low pass filter 46. A reproduction output signal waveform is equivalent to that shown in FIG. 6(a). However, there is a case where what is called a signal drop-out occurs due to deposition of scratches or dust on the video disc 40 or the like. The drop-out detecting circuit 44 detects a signal drop-out and sets a detection output to the high (Hi) level for a drop-out detection period of time.

It is widely known that the signal drop-out can be compensated by using a CCD as an analog delay element for replacing the signal of one line before or the like and compensating. However, although the high vision signal of a wide band has been divided into three channel signals and the band has been narrowed as in the embodiment, a high speed CCD is necessary to compensate the reproduction video signal of a band of 10 MHz. Further, even if the replacement of the signal of one line before by the CCD was executed, enough good characteristics of the video signal cannot be obtained. In the decoder 24, the signal drop-out is compensated at the stage of the digital signal by using a line memory, which will be explained below. A sync signal component in the video signal is necessary to control the speed of the spindle motor 41 in the player. Therefore, an output of the low pass filter 46 is further transmitted through a low pass filter 47 of a low frequency and is supplied to a drop-out compensating circuit 48 for a sync signal. The drop-out compensating circuit 48 comprises a CCD 48a, a selecting circuit 48b, and the like. However, since the drop-out compensating circuit 48 executes the compensation of a sync signal of 11.25 kHz and a frame pulse signal of 30 Hz, a relatively low speed CCD 48a can be used.

A drop-out detection signal (hereinafter, abbreviated as a DOS) generated from the drop-out detecting circuit is supplied to the decoder 24 to compensate for the drop-out of the reproduction video signal and is also supplied to the selecting circuit 48b. When the DOS is at the low level, that is, when no drop-out occurs, the selecting circuit 48b is connected to the a side in the diagram and transfers the real-time video signal to a sync separating circuit 49. When the signal drop-out occurred, the DOS is set to the high level and the selecting circuit 48b is connected to the b side. The reproduction video signal of one line before from the CD 48a is transferred to the sync separating circuit 49.

The sync separating circuit 49 separates and extracts a sync signal (PBH) and a frame pulse signal (PBFP) from the supplied these signals video signal and supplies to a spindle servo circuit 50. Phases of the sync signal (PBH) and frame pulse signal (PBFP) which were supplied are compared with phases of a reference sync signal (REFH) and a reference frame signal (ADFP) which are supplied from the decoder 24 by the spindle servo circuit 50, respectively, thereby controlling the speed of the spindle motor 41.

On the other hand, an EFM audio signal component in the recording signal on the video disc 40 is supplied to an EFM demodulator 51 through the pickup 42 and RF amplifier 43. In the EFM demodulator 51, the processes such as EFM demodulation, error correction, and the like are performed. The processed signal is generated as 8-bit digital audio signals of L and R channels and supplied to D/A converters 52L and 52R. The digital audio signals are converted into the analog audio signals by the D/A converters 52L and 52R. The analog audio signals are generated from the player through low pass filters 53L and 53R.

The player controller executes the series of operation controls in the player mentioned above. The player controller is connected to the main controller in the decoder 24 by a serial interface. The communication with the main controller is executed by the serial interface at a period of the frame signal as what is called a V period as will be explained in detail hereinafter, thereby transmitting and receiving the necessary information. Further, when the operation of the player is abnormal, a player disable signal is soon generated to the main controller by a connecting line different from the serial interface irrespective of the V period.

In FIGS. 8A and 8B, the reproduction analog video signals of three channels of the output signal waveform as shown in FIG. 6(b) which were generated from three players are supplied to signal processing circuits 25, 26, and 27 including A/D converters in the decoder 24. The signal processing circuit 25 is constructed by an automatic level controller 25a, a pulse generator 25b, an A/D converter 25c, and the like.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the signal processing circuit 25 further in detail. In FIG. 10, the supplied reproduction video signal is transferred to an ALC/AGC circuit 55 as level shifting and gain controlling means. An output of the ALC/AGC circuit 55 is transmitted through a low pass filter 56 and supplied to a limiter 57 provided to prevent a trouble which will occur when the signal level is excessively high. An output of the limiter 57 is supplied to an A/D converter 25c and sample and hold (S/H) circuits 58 and 59. In the S/H circuit 58, a voltage of a pedestal level in FIG. 6(b) is held by a sampling pulse SP1 and supplied to an integrating circuit 60. In the integrating circuit 60, the supplied pedestal level is compared with a reference pedestal level and a difference between them is integrated and supplied to the ALC/AGC circuit 55 via a limiter and the like (not shown). The pedestal level of the reproduction video signal is shifted so as to coincide with the reference pedestal level. Similarly, in the S/H circuit 59, a voltage of a color center level in FIG. 6(b) is held by a sampling pulse SP2 and supplied to the signal processing circuit 55 through an integrating circuit 61. The color center level of the reproduction video signal is gain controlled so as to coincide with a reference color center level.

The reproduction video signal which is supplied to the ALC/AGC circuit 55 is also supplied to a waveform shaping circuit 62 and is subjected to processes such as amplification, filtering, impedance conversion, and the like. The processed signal is supplied to a sync separating circuit 63, a pedestal clamping circuit 68, and a disc frame pulse separating circuit 72. The sync signal which was separated by the sync separating circuit 63 is supplied to an inclined wave generator 64 through a drop-out sync gate circuit (not shown) to stop the transfer of the sync signal or the like when a signal drop-out occurs. In the inclined wave generator 64, the charging or discharging operation of a capacitor (not shown) is executed in accordance with the supplied sync signal, thereby generating an inclined wave and supplying to comparators 65, 66, and 67. Each of the comparators 65 and 66 is a window comparator to hold an output to the high or low level within a predetermined voltage range. Voltage ranges corresponding to the timings (times) to properly sample and hold the color center level and the pedestal level in FIG. 6(b) are respectively preset for the comparators 65 and 66. Since the inclined wave which is supplied to the comparator has a voltage level which is proportional to the elapse of time by using the sync signal as a time reference, proper sampling and holding operations are executed by supplying the outputs of the window comparators 65 and 66 to the sample and hold circuits 59 and 58 as sampling pulses SP₂ and SP₁.

A pedestal level of a signal from the waveform shaping circuit 62 which has been supplied to a pedestal clamping circuit 68 is clamped to a predetermined voltage level by the sampling pulse SP₁ as an output of the comparator 66, so that a DC signal is reproduced and supplied to an H sync separating circuit 69. Gate pulses before and after the leading edge of the sync signal are given to the H sync separating circuit 69 by the comparator 67. A leading point of a sync signal pulse is newly accurately detected within the range of the gate pulse. A pulse whose front edge is set to such a leading point is generated. The pulse output is supplied to a pulse width expanding circuit (not shown) and a trailing edge of the pulse is extended and supplied as one of two inputs of a PLL circuit 70. The PLL circuit 70 has therein a phase comparator, a loop filter, a limiter, a VCO to generate clocks of 33.75 MHz, and the like. An output of the VCO is supplied to a frequency dividing circuit 71 as an output of the PLL circuit 70. The clocks of 33.75 MHz are frequency divided into the clocks of 1/3000 of such a frequency by the frequency dividing circuit 71, so that pulses of 11.25 kHz are generated from the frequency dividing circuit 71. An output of the circuit 71 is supplied as another input of the PLL circuit 70 and is phase compared with the sync signal of 11.25 kHz from the reproduction video signal by a phase comparator. A phase difference signal is returned to the VCO, so that the clock pulses of 33.75 MHz which are synchronized with the sync signal of the reproduction video signal are produced and supplied to the A/D converter 25c. In the A/D converter 25c, the reproduction analog video signal is converted into the 8-bit reproduction digital video signal (hereinafter, simply referred to as a reproduction signal) by the clock pulses of 33.25 MHz. Since the pedestal level and the color center level have been adjusted to the reference levels in the ALC/AGC circuit 55, the pedestal level of the reproduction signal expressed by the hexadecimal notation after completion of the A/D conversion is set to [20]_(H) and the color center level is set to [80]_(H). Further, since the value of the color center level has been set to the value obtained by dividing the level between the signal peak level and the pedestal level into two equal portions upon recording, the peak value of the reproduction signal is set to [EO]_(H). Thus, the values within a range from [El]_(H) to [FF]_(H) (the maximum output value of the A/D converter) do not exist as reproduction signals.

In the disc frame pulse separating circuit 72, the frame pulses (PBFP) of the reproduction video signal are separated and extracted and generated as pulses of 30 Hz. Therefore, the clocks of 33.75 MHz and the sync signal (PBH) and disc frame pulses (PBFP) of 11.25 kHz are generated from the pulse generator 25b and supplied to a write timing circuit 28 in FIGS. 8A and 8B.

Signal processes which are substantially the same as the signal processes of the signal processing circuit 25 are also executed in the signal processing circuits 26 and 27 whose inner block diagrams are omitted in FIGS. 8A and 8B. The reproduction signals generated from the signal processing circuits 25, 26, and 27 of three channels are supplied to circuits (hereinafter, abbreviated to TBC circuits) 29, 30, and 31 to execute the time base compression and the time base correction. The write timing circuit 28 produces write control signals of three channels synchronized with the reproduction signals from the clocks, sync signals (PBH), and reproduction frame pulses (PBFP) of three channels and supplies to the TBC circuits 29, 30, and 31 of the channels, respectively.

The 8-bit reproduction signals supplied to the TBC circuits include a time base fluctuation (jitter) due to a decentering or the like of the disc, so that they are written into FIFOs (not shown) in the TBC circuits by the write control signals in which the reproduction signals are synchronized, that is, which include the jitter. Upon writing, the sync signal components and the like in the reproduction signals are deleted and only the video signal components are written into the FIFOs at the timings of the clocks of 33.75 MHz. Thus, in format diagrams of video signals shown in FIGS. 7(a), 7(b), and 7(c), the color difference signals corresponding to 960 clocks and the luminance signals corresponding to 1920 clocks from which the H sync lines and the guard interval among the lines within a range from the line number 13 to the line number 374 have been eliminated are written. Further, the FIFO for the luminance signal and the FIFO for the color difference signal are individually provided as FIFOs. Upon reading from the FIFOs, the luminance signal is time base compressed into 1/2.2 and the color difference signal is time base compressed into 1/1.1 and the time base compressed signals are generated. The luminance signal is supplied to a Y processing circuit 32 and the color difference signal is supplied to a P_(R) /P_(B) processing circuit 33 by connecting the three channel signals by the wired-OR.

The DOSs (drop-out detecting signals) which were generated from the players 21, 22, and 23 are supplied to the TBC circuits. When a signal drop-out occurs, namely, when the DOS is at the high level, the value of [FF]_(H) is written in place of the 8-bit reproduction signal having the values from [20]_(H) to [EO]_(H).

A main controller 34 gives a selection control signal (hereinafter, abbreviated to SEL) to the TBC circuits 29, 30, and 31 of three channels and controls the reading operations from the TBC circuits and controls the reading order of the reproduction signals of three channels which are supplied to the Y processing circuit 32 and the P_(R) /P_(B) processing circuit 33.

A read timing circuit 35 generates read clocks having no time base fluctuation (jitter) and supplies to the TBC circuits. The reproduction signals which are time base compressed and read out by the read clocks, therefore, are supplied to the Y processing circuit 32 and the P_(R) /P_(B) processing circuit 33 as reproduction signals from which the jitter was eliminated. Further, a sync trigger signal (SYNCTRG) generated from the read timing circuit 35 is given to ROMs provided in the Y processing circuit 32 and P_(R) /P_(B) processing circuit 33 and the sync signals of the high vision signals are read out from the ROMs.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a section to execute signal discriminating and signal replacing processes in the Y processing circuit 32. In FIG. 11, a reproduction signal (hereinafter, abbreviated to a reproduction Y) of the luminance signal supplied from the signal lines of three channels which were connected by the wired-OR is supplied to an FF detecting circuit 73 and a latch circuit 74.

When the value of [FF]_(H) is included in the reproduction Y supplied to the FF detecting circuit 73, such a value is detected. The output is held to the high level for a period of time of [FF]_(H) and is held to the low level for a period of time other than the period of time of [FF]_(H). The latch circuit 74 executes a time adjusting operation for delaying the supplied reproduction Y by only a time when the FF detecting circuit 73 performs the detecting operation and specifies the output and for transferring the delayed signal to the a side of a selecting circuit 75. The output of the FF detecting circuit is given to the selecting circuit 75. When the output of the FF detecting circuit is at the low level, the selecting circuit 75 is connected to the a side and an output of the latch circuit 74 is supplied to a line memory 76 and a circuit (not shown) at the next stage.

The line memory 76 delays the reproduction Y by the time corresponding to one line and supplies the output to the b side of the selecting circuit 75. When the output of the FF detecting circuit 73 is at the high level, the selecting circuit 75 is connected to the b side and the reproduction Y which is one line before is supplied to the circuit at the next stage and the line memory 76.

Therefore, when a signal drop-out occurs, the DOS is set to the high level and the reproduction Y is replaced to the value of [FF]_(H) for such a high-level period of time. Therefore, for the period of time of [FF]_(H), namely, the period of time of the signal drop-out, the portion in such a period in the reproduction Y of one line before is replaced, thereby compensating the signal drop-out.

Two circuits which are substantially the same as the circuit of FIG. 11 are also provided in the P_(R) /P_(B) processing circuit 33 for the reproduction color difference signals P_(R) and P_(B) as well as in the Y processing circuit 32 and execute the same operation as that of the circuit of FIG. 11. Further, in the P_(R) /P_(B) processing circuit 33, a line sequence recovering process of the line sequential color difference signals is executed by the following method. That is, with respect to the color difference signals P_(R) and P_(B), the arithmetic means of the signals of two continuous lines are calculated and an average value of the arithmetic means is inserted between the two lines, thereby interpolating. Since the video signal, particularly, the color difference signals have a strong line correlation, the original high vision signal can be sufficiently reproduced by such an interpolation.

The reproduction signals in which the signal dropout was compensated and the line sequence recovering process of the color difference signals were executed are generated from the Y processing circuit 32 and the P_(R) /P_(B) processing circuit 33 as three reproduction signals of the reproduction luminance signal Y and reproduction color difference signals P_(R) and P_(B) and are supplied to D/A converters 36Y, 36R, and 36B.

Those three reproduction signals are the same as those in FIG. 4(a). However, the even-number lines of the P_(R) signal and the odd-number lines of the P_(B) signal are the arithmetic means of the line signals before and after those line signals. When a character multiplex command is given from the main controller 34 to the read timing circuit 35, character data (DISP) is supplied to the Y processing circuit 32 and P_(R) /P_(B) processing circuit 33 from a character ROM (not shown) in the circuit and is superimposed to the reproduction signals and is generated.

The (digital) reproduction signals supplied to the D/A converters 36Y, 36R, and 36B are converted into the analog reproduction signals. The luminance signal Y_(a) is supplied to a low pass filter 37Y of 22 MHz. The color difference signals P_(r) and P_(b) are supplied to low pass filters 37R and 37B of 11 MHz. The unnecessary high frequency component, noise, and the like are eliminated by each of the low pass filters and the resultant signal is generated from the decoder. The generated analog signals Y_(a), P_(r), and P_(b) are supplied to a color display (not shown) and the high vision signals are reproduced and displayed.

It is an essential condition that a combination of a set of three recording discs of the high vision signals is correct. For this purpose, in three players 21, 22, and 23, it is necessary to discriminate the kinds of discs when starting the playing operation of the discs. Such a discrimination is performed by disc codes which indicate the recording signal in one frame and have been recorded in line numbers 10 to 12 shown in FIGS. 7(a), 7(b), and 7(c). FIG. 12 shows HD-LD disc code formats showing the contents of the disc codes. In the embodiment, a CAV (constant angular velocity) disc is used. In FIG. 12, a lead-in area corresponds to 1200 inner rim frames in the recording section. Lead TOC (Table of Contents) data of two bytes is included in the eleventh line in the lead-in area. FIG. 13 shows the contents of the TOC data. Necessary TOC information has been recorded on a 300-byte unit basis. Since the TOC of two bytes is provided for one frame, one TOC information unit is constructed by 150 frames. In the classification of the TOC data, a disc ID denotes an absolute number which is peculiar to the disc (also including the front and rear sides).

The TOC information is read by the players and communicated at the v period with the main controller 34 via the serial interface as mentioned above, so that the TOC information and the other necessary information are transmitted and received. The operations in the disc combination discriminating subroutine which are executed by the main controller 34 will now be described with reference to FIG. 14.

When three discs are loaded into the players, the main controller 34 advances to step S1 and waits for the reception of information indicating that all of the three discs have been clamped. If it is determined that all of the three discs have been clamped, the lead-in frame is searched and a command to read the disc ID is transmitted (step S2). After the disc ID was received, a check is made to see if the ID number coincides with the ID number which has been stored in the memory when the discs were played at a preceding time or not (step S3). If it is decided that the present ID number coincides with the preceding ID number, the disc ID denotes the absolute number which is peculiar to the discs and it has already been known that a combination of three discs is correct as a result of the preceding disc playing operation. Therefore, a command to search the frame of the frame No. 1 is transmitted to soon start the reproduction (play) without reading the other TOC information (step S4). Then, the processing routine advances to the main routine. If it is determined that the present ID number differs from the preceding ID number, a command to newly read the TOC information of three discs is transmitted to the players (step S5). If the read TOC information has been received from each player, the data of the disc numbers and disc sides in the TOC information are compared and analyzed, thereby discriminating the coincidence regarding the disc numbers and disc sides of three discs (step S6). If it is determined that the data of the disc numbers and disc sides of three discs coincide, the ID numbers of three discs are stored into the memory in place of the old ID numbers (step S7). Then, step S4 follows and a command to start the reproduction (play) is transmitted. If it is decided that the disc numbers and disc sides of only two of the three discs coincide and the disc number or disc side of the remaining one disc differs, a tray open (eject) command is transmitted to the player in which such a different disc has been loaded (step S8). A park (stop) command is transmitted to the other two players in which the correct discs having the coincident data were loaded (step S9) and the main routine is started. If it is determined that the data of the disc numbers or disc sides of all of the three discs differ, the tray open (eject) command is transmitted to all of the three players (step S10). Then, the processing routine advances to the main routine.

In addition to the TOC information, the information indicative of the operating states of the players and the like are transmitted and received between the main controller 34 and the players (controllers) via the serial interface and the player disable signal lines. FIG. 15(a) shows transmission data to give commands from the main controller 34 to the players 21, 22, and 23. "TRAY" data is set to the open state when it is "0", the park state for "1", and the play (reproducing) state for "2". "ADDRESS" data denotes a frame number and is made effective in the play state and a command to reproduce the transmitted frame is supplied to each player.

On the contrary, reception data as shown in FIG. 15(b) is supplied to the main controller 34 from each player.

"ERROR" data is set to a positive number when the pickup of the player is searching the designated frame of the designated frame number which was transmitted from the main controller 34. "ERROR" data is set to "0" when the pickup is located over the designated frame. "ERROR" data is set to a negative number if the spindle lock is released. "ADDRESS" data in FIG. 15(b) denotes the frame number at the present position of the pickup of the player.

In the normal playing mode, the main controller 34 transmits the same frame number to each player. When the frame number received from each player coincides with the transmitted frame number, the reproduction signal of the player is generated. If they differ, the player having different frame number squelches the reproduction signal.

The operation to execute the squelch control by monitoring the player which is executed by the main controller 34 will now be described with reference to FIG. 15(c). When the player monitoring subroutine is started, the main controller 34 sets a designation frame F_(I)(N) and transmits to each player (step S11) and receives a present position frame F_(C) from the player within the same V period of time (step S12). Since the designation frame number corresponding to F_(C) is equal to F_(I)(N-1) which has been transmitted for the preceding V period, a check is made to see if F_(C) coincides with F_(I)(N-1) or not (step S13). If they coincide, a check is made to see if disable signals have been received through player disable lines i, j, and k or not (step S14). If it is determined that none of the disable signals is received, "STATUS" information of the players is discriminated (step S15). The "STATUS" information shows servo states of the slider servo, tracking servo, spindle servo, and focusing servo of the player. If it is decided in step S15 that the servo state (status) is normal, the processing routine advances to the main routine without performing the squelching operation. If it is determined that the servo state is not normal, there is a difference in level of the abnormal state depending on whether the servo state is in trouble or in the so-called specific reproduction mode. For instance, the slider servo and the tracking servo are closed in the normal state. However, in the case of a special reproducing mode including a jumping operation like a scanning operation, the tracking servo is repetitively set into the closed state and the open state. In step S16, a check is made to see if such a jumping operation is included or not. If it is determined that the jumping operation is included, the main routine is started without performing the squelching operation. If the jumping operation is not included, the servo state is decided to be abnormal. Both two bits of the 2-bit SEL signal in the main controller 34 are set to the high level [11]_(B), thereby executing the squelching operation (step S17). If it is determined in step S13 that the designation frame differs from the present position frame, step S17 follows. If the disable signal has been received in step S14, the processing routine soon advances to step S17 (without waiting for the communication at the V period) and the squelching operation is performed.

Two bits (S₁, S₂) of the SEL signal are given to the TBC circuits 29, 30, and 31 in FIGS. 8A and 8B and are set to four kinds of binary values of [00]_(B), [01]_(B), [10]_(B), and [11]_(B), respectively. Even if a combination of three discs is correct, the main controller 34 must discriminate which discs were loaded into three players.

In FIGS. 7(a), 7(b), and 7(c), the numbers in () subsequent to the signal Y, P_(r), or P_(b) indicate the line numbers of the original high vision signals. In the case of FIG. 7, the high vision signals have been recorded in accordance with the order of disc A-disc B-disc C. Therefore, to synthesize the reproduction signals of three channels in accordance with the correct order, the SEL signal of the TBC circuit to which the reproduction signal of the disc A was supplied is set to [00]_(B). The SEL signals of the TBC circuits to which the reproduction signals of the discs B and C were supplied assume [01]_(B) and [10]_(B), respectively. In the case of executing the squelching operation, the SEL signals are set to [11]_(B) as mentioned above.

The operation of the subroutine of the main controller 34 for allowing three players to be played and reproducing the signals and searching by jumping will now be described with reference to FIG. 16(a).

After the main controller 34 started the searching operation, the main controller advances to step S18 and sets a search target frame F_(TF). Then, temporary target frames F_(1TT) and F_(2TT) of the first and second players 21 and 22 are commanded as target frames F_(TF) and a temporary target frame T_(3TT) of the third player 23 is commanded as the present frame F_(C) (step S19). That is, the jumping operations are preferentially executed for the first and second players 21 and 22 and a still image of the present frame F_(C) is generated from the third player 23. Then, the SEL signals of the first and second players 21 and 22 are set to [11]_(B) (step S20), thereby performing the squelching operation. A check is then made to see if the jumping operation has been finished or not, that is, the present frames F_(1C) and F_(2C) of the first and second players coincide with the target frame F_(TF) or not (step S21). If they coincide, the temporary frame F_(3TT) of the third player is commanded to F_(TF) (step S22). The squelching operations of the first and second players are canceled and the third player is squelched (step S23). A check is made to see if the jumping operation of the third player has been finished or not (step S24). If the jumping operation was finished and the pickup reached the target frame, the squelching operation of the third player is canceled (step S25). The squelching operations of all of the three players are canceled and the searching operations are finished. Then, the processing routine advances to the main routine.

FIG. 16(b) shows the operations of each player. In FIG. 16, reading points of the first and second players move such that A→C→D and a reading point of the third player moves such that A→B→D.

Although the embodiment has been described with respect to the generation of a still image, it is also possible to reproduce video signals from the players. In this case, the main controller 34 operates in a manner such that a step of instructing the reproduction for the first and second players is executed after step S21, and F_(3TT) =F_(1C) =F_(2C) is set in step S22. Thus, in FIG. 16(b), the reading points of the first and second players move such that A→C→D' and the reading point of the third player moves such that A→B'→D'.

The operations which are executed by the main controller 34 in another embodiment of such an image reproducing search will now be described with reference to FIGS. 17(a) and 17(b). An intermediate frame F_(m) is set at a center between the target frame F_(TF) and the present frame F_(C). After the target frame F_(TF) was set (step S26), the intermediate frame T_(m) is set by a calculation (step S27). The main controller 34 instructs temporary target frames to the players (step S28). The present frame F_(C) is instructed to the first player. The intermediate frame F_(m) is instructed to the second player. The target frame F_(TF) is instructed to the third player. Therefore, in FIG. 17(b), the present frame F_(C) is held in the first player and the reading point is moved such that A→B. The reading point of the second player is moves such that A→C. The reading point of the third player is moved such that A . D. Therefore, the main controller allows only the first player to generate a still image. Accordingly, the second and third players are squelched (step S29). A check is then made to see if the pickup of the second player has reached the intermediate frame F_(m) or not (step S30). If it has reached F_(m) at time t_(m) in FIG. 17(b), the main controller instructs the second player to generate a still image of the frame F_(m) and instructs the first player to jump the pickup to F_(TF) (step S31). Then, the squelching operation of the second player is canceled and the first player is squelched (step S32). A check is made to see if the pickup of the third player has reached F_(TF) or not (step S33). In FIG. 17(b), the reading point of the first player is moved such that B→E. The reading point of the second player is moved such that C→E. If the pickup of the third player has reached F_(TF) at time t_(b), the squelching operation of the third player is canceled and the second player is squelched (step S34). Therefore, a still image of the target frame T_(FT) is generated from the third player and the reading point of the third player is moved such that D→F. The reading points of the first and second players are moved such that E→F. A check is made to see if the pickups of the first and second players have reached the target frame F_(TF) or not (step S35). If the pickup of the second player has reached F_(TF) at time t_(c), the squelching operations of the first and second players are canceled (step S36). All of the squelching operations of three players are canceled and the processing routine advances to the main routine.

When comparing FIGS. 16(a) and 17(b), it will be understood that the time t_(c) when the pickups of all of the three players reach the target frame F_(TF) is reduced by setting the intermediate frame F_(m).

A method of executing the scanning operations by three players will now be described with reference to FIG. 16(a). In FIG. 18(a), when the scanning operations are started, the main controller 34 sets a temporary target frame F_(TT) and the number K of frames to be jumped (step S37). Then, temporary frames F_(1TT) and F_(2TT) of the first and second players are instructed to the temporary target frame F_(TT) and a temporary frame F_(3TT) of the third player is instructed to the present frame F_(C) (step S38). The first and second players are then squelched (step S39).

In step S40, a check is made to see if the pickups of the first and second players have reached F_(TT) or not. If they have reached F_(TT), the number K of frames to be jumped next is added to the temporary target frame F_(TT) which has been preset, thereby setting the new temporary target frame F_(TT) (step S41). Then, the temporary frame F_(3TT) of the third player is instructed to the new temporary target frame F_(TT) (step S42). The squelching operations of the first and second players are canceled and the third player is squelched (step S43). A check is then made to see if the pickup of the third player has reached the temporary target frame F_(TT) or not (step S44). If it has reached F_(TT), a new temporary frame is again set (step S45). The squelching operation of the third player is canceled (step S46). Then, a check is made to see if a scan end command by the operation of a command button (not shown) has been received or not (step S47). If it is not received, step S38 follows and the scanning operation is again repeated. If the scan end command has been received, step S48 follows and the same frame F_(TT) is instructed to three players (step S48). A check is made to see if the pickups of all of three players have reached F_(TT) or not (step S49). If they have reached F_(TT), the main routine is executed. At this time, all of the squelching operations are canceled. Although the above description has been made on the assumption of the forward scanning operations, the value of K is set to a negative value in the case of the backward scanning operations. In FIG. 18(b), the reading point of the third player is moved such that A→B₁ →B₂ →B₃ . . . and the reading points of the first and second players are moved such that A→C₁ →C₂ →C₃ . . .

The reproduction can be also instructed to the players without instructing the generation of a still image. In this case, in FIG. 18(a), a step of instructing the third player to reproduce is executed after steps S38 and S44 and a step of instructing the first and third players to reproduce is executed after step S40.

In the embodiment, the TBC circuits 29, 30, and 31 execute the squelching operations when the SEL signal is set to [11]_(H). However, the circuit can be also changed so as to set the levels of the output signals of the TBC circuits 29, 30, and 31 to the highest level [FF]_(H).

With such a construction, in the case of a special reproducing mode such as search, scan, or the like, the output signal of the player which is executing the reproducing operation is replaced as a reproduction signal of the player which is executing the jumping operation in place of the squelching operation by using a drop-out compensating circuit, thereby compensating.

In FIGS. 8A and 8B, a sync/clock separating circuit 38 is used for the case of displaying the reproduction signal synchronously with the external video apparatus.

An audio selecting circuit 39 selects and outputs two audio channel signals among the audio signals of total six channels which were generated from three players and supplied to the selecting circuit 39 in accordance with a command (AUDIO SFL) from the main controller 34.

If the selected audio signals dropped out due to some reasons, the selecting circuit can automatically switch to the audio signals of the other channel.

In the case of the scanning or searching mode, if the audio signals of the player in the normal playing mode are selected, the audio signals are not extinguished and a soundless state doesn't occur even during the scanning or searching mode.

If a desired audio signal is designated by the operation of a command button (not shown) in the searching operation, the jumping operation can be preferentially performed for the audio designated disc. In this case, in FIG. 16(a), a step of setting the audio designated disc number to M is executed after step S18. In step S19, F_(MTT) =F_(TT) and F_(LT) =F_(C) (L≠M) are set.

As described above, in the high vision signal recording apparatus and the recording medium according to the invention, the high vision signal of a wide band is divided into three narrow band channel signals and can be recorded in a base band of 10 MHz, so that the high vision signal can be accurately reproduced. The high vision signal can be easily recorded by using an existing writing apparatus such as an optical cutting machine or the like.

In addition, since the high vision signal is separated into the signals of three channels, there is no channel correlation upon frequency modulation and frequency demodulation. Thus, a moire or the like which occurs is inconspicuous. Further, since the number of lines of one frame of each of the channel signals is 375, which is 1/3 of 1125 lines, the signal processes can be easily executed. 

What is claimed is:
 1. An apparatus for recording a high vision signal which is constructed of a multitude of horizontal scanning lines per frame, comprising:means for line sequentially processing two kinds of color difference signals in said high vision signal on an H[-] line unit basis and forming two groups of line sequential color difference signals each of which is constructed by one of said two kinds of color difference signals; time base expanding means for time base expanding a luminance signal in said high vision signal and said two groups of line sequential color difference signals and for obtaining an expanded luminance signal and two groups of line sequential expanded color difference signals; means for combining three H lines of one of said two groups of line sequential expanded color difference signals consisting of six H lines corresponding to a group of expanded luminance signals consisting of six continuous H lines of the expanded luminance signal with the former half three H lines of the group of expanded luminance signals every line, forming the former half three expanded H lines, and for combining three H lines of the other one of the two groups of line sequential expanded color difference signals with the latter half three H lines of the group of expanded luminance signals every line, forming the latter half three expanded H lines; means for setting resultant three pairs of former half and latter half expanded H lines into three channel signals; and means for independently recording said three channel signals to spatially different positions on a recording medium.
 2. A method of recording a high vision signal on a medium comprising the steps of:generating two kinds of color difference signals in said high vision signal having a plurality of H lies per frame; line sequentially processing said color difference signals, forming on an H[-] line unit basis two groups of lien sequential color difference signals each of which is constructed by one of said two kinds of color difference signals; obtaining a luminance signal from said high vision signal; time base expanding said luminance signal and line sequential color difference signals; combining three H lines of one of said two groups of line sequential expanded color difference signals consisting of six H lines corresponding to a group of expanded luminance signals consisting of six continuous H lines of the expanded luminance signals with the former half three H lines of the group of expanded luminance signals every line, forming the former half three expanded H lines; combining three H lines of the other one of said tow groups of line sequential expanded color difference signals with the latter half three H lines of the group of expanded luminance signals every line, forming the latter half three expanded H lines, and recording the resultant three pairs of former half and latter half expanded H lines as three channel signals to spatially different positions.
 3. The apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein said multitude of horizontal scanning lines consists of 1125 lines.
 4. The apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein a base band of said three channel signals is 10 MHz. 